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PROSPERO registration checklist

Before registering a systematic review on PROSPERO, you should have each of the fields below clearly defined. Registration is done before you actually begin the review (before moving on to full-text screening), and many journals require this for systematic reviews.

1. Basic identification

  • Review title (clearly states that it is a systematic review or meta-analysis)
  • Stage of the study at the time of registration (e.g. preliminary searches done, full-text screening not started)
  • Estimated start and end dates
  • Corresponding author, institutional affiliation, all team members
  • Funding source or sponsor (stated explicitly if none) and conflict of interest declaration

2. Research question and PICO

  • Clear, answerable research question
  • Population, Intervention/exposure
  • Comparator (if any), Outcome (primary and secondary outcome measures + timing)
  • Definition of the condition / field being studied

3. Search strategy

  • Databases to be searched (PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, Scopus, Web of Science)
  • Grey literature and hand-searching plan (if any)
  • Language and date restrictions (if any) and their rationale
  • A complete search string ready and storable for at least one database

4. Inclusion and exclusion criteria

  • Study types (e.g. RCT, cohort, diagnostic accuracy)
  • Inclusion criteria (consistent with PICO) and exclusion criteria
  • Context restrictions (if any)

5. Selection, extraction, and assessment

  • How many independent reviewers for study selection (dual independent recommended) and disagreement resolution
  • Data extraction form and variables to be extracted
  • Risk of bias / quality tool (Cochrane RoB 2, ROBINS-I, NOS, QUADAS-2)
  • Whether the certainty of evidence will be assessed with GRADE

6. Synthesis plan

  • Narrative synthesis and/or meta-analysis
  • Meta-analysis: effect size measure, model (fixed/random effects), software (R metafor, RevMan)
  • Heterogeneity (I2, tau-squared), subgroup and sensitivity analyses
  • Publication bias assessment (funnel plot, Egger test)

7. Reporting and dissemination

  • Adherence to the PRISMA 2020 flow diagram and checklist
  • Alignment of the protocol with PRISMA-P
  • Keywords and dissemination plan (target journal, presentation)

Common mistakes

  • Registering too late (once full-text screening has started, the registration counts as retrospective).
  • Inclusion criteria not matching the PICO.
  • Not matching the risk of bias tool to the study type (e.g. applying RoB 2 to an observational study).
  • Not specifying the meta-analysis model and heterogeneity plan up front and choosing them based on the data.
  • Not storing the search string in a reproducible way.

Take a closer look at the method

Let us plan your systematic review together.

This checklist was prepared by a biomedical methodologist with their own PROSPERO-registered systematic reviews and peer-reviewed publications. A free 15-minute consultation for your registration or conduct.

Related service: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Consulting

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